My Tartan Affair 2016!

My apologies this post took so many days to go live. Today, April 18th, is tax day in the states; otherwise, the taxman cometh, so I had to set aside my blog for the IRS!

This year, my Tartan Affair week began under the sunny blue skies of LA where I attended the Writer’s Guild Theater’s, “A Tribute to Outlander” on March 31. Many fans stood in line for hours in order to secure good seats. Gah, concrete is rough on the metatarsals!

LA event 01

The WGT panel included (from L to R – next two images): Tobias, Sam, Caitriona, Matt Roberts, Toni Graphia, Anne Kenny, Maril Davis, Ron D. Moore, and the panel moderator, Anne Thompson. Sadly, we wished Ira Steven Behr could have been there.

What followed was a riveting hour of fascinating exchanges, mostly between the writers/producers. We learned many things about them including that writers often advocate for their fav character (e.g. Matt for Geillis).

The writer’s war room boasts a variety of whiskies, presumably as calming anodynes. The group starts with one of Diana’s books broken into segments that are posted on a story board. Together they re-build a story segment that is compatible with the visual medium. Surprise! They often disagree!

LA panel 01

We learned that Dragonfly in Amber for S.2 was more challenging to adapt than Outlander for S.1. Cait expressed delighted that the series gives the actors a wonderful range of acting opportunities to enjoy. Sam commented that it is almost as if he learns a new skill for each episode, and Ron noted that because the story goes in so many different directions, there is no cliché term to describe Outlander!

We heard a very charming Tobias tale about when he was bit by the acting bug…as a young lad, he attended a theatrical production of Wind in the Willows. Intermission found him in the bathroom where Badger was standing at a urinal (loved the way Tobias pronounced this word, ur-y-nal). This was a lightbulb-moment as he realized that Badger was a human actor and this set him on his path to stardom!

We learned that a production featuring magic by Merlin was the impetus for Sam to pursue an acting career and Cait was influenced by a school play in which she donned her Father’s coat and a pillow as a costume.

This event did not include a meet and greet for the admiring fans, but we did enjoy hearing from the writers about how the whole production thing works. Last but not least, we learned that Anne thinks Jamie is a bit of a caveman! what? No way, Anne! <G>

LA panel 02

Headed back to the Pacific Northwest for one day and then off to NY Tartan Week! Let’s dissect Tartan Week, one day at a time!

Day 1 (Sunday, April 3)

Arrived in NYC. Met my roommate, and then dinner with pals at St. Andrew’s pub on W. 46th Street where I tentatively had my first haggis hookup! I felt a little Laoghaire…ooops, I mean leery, but it was surprisingly tasty! I kid you not!

Haggis 01

Photo by JoKc

Day 2 (Monday, April 4)

Evening and we headed to the LeFrak IMAX Theater at the American Museum of Natural History for the Outlander S.2 Premier! We were pummeled by a cold rain but were quickly ushered inside. Fans without tickets waited patiently in the elements but were eventually admitted. So happy for them!

Inside the theater, Starz interviewed many fans. Turns out the interviewer reads Outlander Anatomy blog, bless her heart and its ventricles…but I did not catch her name. ?

Premier interview 03

Photo by JoKc

The evening portended well because I found myself seated next to the Outlander Herbalist! Then, we were quickly greeted with the “guess whose coming to dinner” image on the big screen!

Premier 01

Entertainment followed with a beautiful rendition of The Skye Boat Song, Season 2 version, performed by Bear McCreary on accordion, wife Raya Yarbrough on vocals, a bodhran and violin (sorry, don’t know the names of the last two artists).

The Premiere began with Claire on Craigh na dun (no photography allowed). By now, you all have seen ep 201 and like me, probably found yourself weeping in tune with Claire. She sure does emote a weepy, wobbly chin worthy of her grief! The first half of the episode contains some darned intense material and I couldn’t help drawing parallels between Frank and BJR. Utter silence from the audience such that you could have heard a pin drop until Jamie appeared grasping Claire’s fingers and then the entire theater erupted in shouts of joy and wild applause! Everyone I spoke with loved the adaptation of the episode…including me!

Premier 02

Day 3 (Tuesday, April 5)

As soon as stores opened, I promptly went for a shop in the garment district – beads and ribbons required. When what to my wondering eyes should appear but Outlander bus speeding down 7th Avenue! I ran but no one batted an eye as a grey-haired gal in snappy, red boots gave chase – it is NYC after all!

Outlander bus 01

Then, three blocks later, Eureka! There it was, Outlander bus, taking a brunch break at curbside! Much more effective than a sandwich board!

Outlander bus 02

That evening we braved the cold for a few more hours outside NYU Skirball Center for the Performing Arts awaiting the Outlander “From Scotland to Paris” event presented by the Television Academy (folks that bring us the Emmys!). After all invitees were seated, the overflow fans were welcomed in and we found wonderful balcony seats.

Skirball Outlander-panel

We were blessed with an excellent panel discussion on teamwork, collaborations, production, costume design, set creation, and music development. Beautiful slides flashed on the screen as Tobias, Cait, Sam, Ron, Terry, Maril, Jon Gary Steele, (Production Design) and Bear added commentary. The lively discussion flowed so easily and naturally between the panelists that it felt as if we were watching a large, diverse and friendly family at work: Outlander family, that is. Thrilling! Here is a link to the panel discussion and well worth watching!

Photo by Television Academy

Outside the Skirball Center, Tobias, Caitriona and Sam patiently gave autographs and selfies to avid fans.  I am not very tall, so I had to stretch to get my eyeballs in this photo!

Guess who?

BJR and Me

Day 4 (Wednesday, April 6)

My first ever trip to see Lady Liberty; she had me at “hello”! Tears flowed over this one. I canna help but feel sad for her puir right arm… her deltoid muscle must be exhausted after years of holding up that weighty torch!

Lady Liberty

Afternoon found us headed to the elegant Apple Store, SoHo for this event:

Apple event 02

After waiting for several hours to be admitted to the theater (yes, it has one), we gave a rousing fan welcome to Maril, Cait, Sam and Tobias. A few narrator questions and then the audience got its chance.

I was chosen and promptly forgot my question. Hee, hee, I wonder why!

Apple event 03

Photo by Joanne

IMG_3067

Photo by Rachel

My question to the stars was: had they ever been surprised by a scene that ended up on the editing room floor (apparently, they don’t see scenes until edited), and if yes, which one surprised them the most? Two great answers. Cait wished a S.1 scene had been retained wherein Frank talked about how WW II had shaped him. Maril added that a scene with Fergus has been omitted from S.2, but didn’t elaborate. Thinking caps on: which scene do you think she had in mind? The next video captures some of that Q&A.

Video by Joanne

Turning girlie for a just a moment, everyone loved Cait’s classy black pumps with the wavy straps (and those awesome pins)! Oh là là là là!

After a few more audience questions, the quartet closed with a group-selfie! Quick autographs and more photo ops outside and then they were whisked away in a sleek SUV!

      Apple event 04

Day 5 (Thursday, April 7)

Rain again! Headed for Saks Fifth Avenue in the early afternoon for Outlander Season 2 window unveiling and costume display! Four windows featuring Terry Dresbach’s costuming genius were up for all of Tartan Week. Every costume was splendid with inventive details, superb workmanship, and stunning design!

A fine example is Claire’s Dior-inspired Bar Suit! Pssst: the following videos have black-outs near the bottom of each costume as the image is briefly lost…..this is where window signs video-bomb the images. You can also hear street noise. So sorry about this, but I’m a novice. Hand me a scalpel and I’m in my element. <G>

Details of the beautiful, curved Bar Suit sleeve! The oyster-shell color is both sophisticated and spectacular! Terry just posted a wonderful article about her inspiration and process; I highly recommend reading: Dior!

Saks Dior sleeve

Next, let’s follow a video of Claire’s yellow-gloved garden number!

The next image shows a close-up of the embroidered skirt. A few images down is a video of Terry talking about this amazing fabric!

Saks embroidery

Photo courtesy of JoKc

Next is a video of Jamie’s court duds from trapezius to toes! Verra manly indeed!

This is a closeup of Jamie’s embroidered waistcoat and buttons. Love the spectacular but subtle color scheme!

vest embroidery

But, today, the fifth and final window was unveiled to reveal THE RED DRESS!

The red-dress bodice features a flattering under-the-bosom criss-cross, a feature that is cleverly echoed in sleeve details! Add the drop-waist piping and itsy-bitsy, teenie-weenie pleats and, voila, scarlet perfection! A thin band of wispy stuff follows the neckline….very tasteful, very feminine, very alluring!

Saks Red Bodice

Mayhap Claire’s gold-colored fan will provide a modicum of modesty to that plunging neckline… a perfect 10!

Saks Red Fan

Claire’s beautiful pumps complete the incomparable ensemble. Featuring five stone encrusted buckles and four straps (skirt covers the top strap), the shoe design again echoes the below-bosom banding of this absolutely breath-taking gown. Canna wait to see Jamie’s face as he spies Claire laced up in this daring dress. OK, I saw his face in ep 202 and was so happy because it appropriately registered shock and awe!

red dress shoes

I asked the charming Mark Briggs, Executive Vice President of Saks Fifth Avenue, if partnering with future Outlander costume events lay on the horizon. He answered that it is a distinct possibility as Saks is always seeking the “finest in fashion.” I think Saks got it in spades with Terry’s designs and this flawless window display! What say you?

Saks Mark Briggs

Next, I asked Ron D. Moore if he would kindly comment on Outlander mars and scars. He offered an erudite explanation of how his team creates Jamie’s back scar prosthesis and other more complicated injuries. He also mentioned an injury from S.2 wherein Claire volunteers at L’Hôpital des Anges and is confronted with a patient who has a significant wound to treat! Yay, another Outlander Owie!

Then Cait and Sam made their way down the line looking happy, charming, and drop-dead gorgeous (both of them)! Thud!

cait sam

My last question was for Terry. I asked her how the anatomy of the human body informs her costume design, using a specific element of the Bar Suit as an example. She said anatomy most certainly does play a role; she even has a term for this relationship. I hope to explore this topic with Terry at a future date.

In case you haven’t heard, Team Terry made 10,000 garments for S.2! Yes, her team stitched them all because there isn’t a clothing rack of ready-made 18th century costumes available for purchase. They also created those fab 18th century shoes (check out the little puff balls on Claire’s shoes in the bar suit video above)! Like others, I am thinking there are many hard-earned and well-deserved awards in store for Terry!

Erin Conrad of Three If By Space asked Terry to comment on the wonderful fabric for the yellow-glove garden gown. Terry shared an entertaining story about going to the basement of her fav SanFran fabric store where she found the embroidered fabric for the gown (shown in the window). Listen to her delightful experience.

Day 6 (Friday, April 8)

More shopping in the amazing garment district. Found a store that carried only zippers; every size, shape, color, pull, teeth, material, and length one can imagine. Another specialized in ribbons, others in beads, another in leathers, another in threads. Whew, the eye candy was almost (almost) overwhelming!

Night time found me and friends hoofing it to the Beer Authority for beverages and a “street fair” which wasn’t on a street at all; it was actually held on the pub’s 3rd floor. Belhaven Brewery, famous for Scottish beers and ales, was a sponsor of this event as well as all of Tartan Week. Fans got a photo op with Davie Stewart, Sam’s driver!

Thank you Davie! He was a real sweetheart as, oh, several bazillion fans all wanted him to pose for selfies!

Davie at Beer Authority 01

The evening was still young so friends and I hiked to Grand Central Station to await the S shuttle between GCS and Times Square: four subway cars decorated outside and in with Outlander themes. Wooie, here it comes!

subway

We rode the shuttle back and forth a few times, glorying in the beautifully applied portraits and decorations. Even the doors were embellished!

subway doors

Coach seats were decorated to look like tufted lounge seats.

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Jamie’s proud and fierce portrait greeted us as we entered the first car…. Actually, it appeared in all four cars!

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Elegant and serene, Claire’s portrait also appeared in all four cars!

S shuttle Claire

Even Murtagh sends his dour regards. Hi Murty!

murtagh

Also present were portraits of Louise de Rohan, Comte St. Germain, Mary, Charles Stewart, and King Louis. The conductor took a few moments to talk with us about the shuttle and even happily posed for our excited cameras. Outlander out-landered itself with this exhibit. Sooo impressive!

S Shuttle Conductor

Day 7 (Saturday, April 9)

New York Tartan Day Parade when New York celebrates its Scottish Heritage! Folks marching with the Fraser Clan met for brunch at St. Andrews Pub on W. 46th Street. More haggis presented on a bed of fluffy potato, topped with cheese and floating in a rich, dark gravy. This time, I also enjoyed a bowl of lovely cock-a-leekie soup! Delish!

Haggis 02

Bellies full, we removed ourselves into cold wind and freezing rain, where Charlie and Lauri Fraser assembled the Fraser banner! They were our fearless, gracious welcoming hosts who generously adopted us step-kids for the day!

Parade Fraser banner

We gathered outside the Algonquin Hotel while awaiting the start of the parade. We were all totally pumped despite the challenging weather. Although we numbered only a dozen or so, we were the largest group ever to march with Charlie and Lauri (in the middle) Fraser!

charlie fraser jo

Photo by JoKc

The march was fantastic. Fans and well-wishers lined ten city blocks for the march up Avenue of the Americas. At the end, as we passed the Outlander Bus, Charlie instructed us to shout in unison: “Je suis prest!” That garnered us a wave and grin from Grand Marshall, Sam-the-Man!

Parade Sam + bus

After the parade, we stood trembling (from cold and excitement) behind the buses for another 45 minutes where we were burrrr-to-the-bone! Then, Sam made his way to a waiting SUV and we began to chant (totally hoarse) “Clan Fraser” – he turned and strode over to us! He graciously posed for photos and videos with us cray cray fans and generously doled out hugs and cheek kisses. (He really is a big lad, making a couple of us look like wee folk).

This experience recalls a quote from Outlander book:

Suddenly the inn door opened, and the sun came out, in the person of James. If I was a radiant bride, the groom was positively resplendent. My mouth fell open and stayed that way.

Haha, spot on, Claire!

Messages Image(1661353895)

Photo NY Post

We hit the after parade party at Papillon Bistro and Bar on E. 54th Street where it was standing room only! Here thirty or so vigorous Vikings from the Shetland Islands treated us to an impromptu and hearty serenade-on-the-stairs! These lads make their own armor on islands that lie closer to the North pole than any other part of the British Isles. See the wee Viking in-the-making (center front)? He wore his own armor and marched in the rain. Hearty genes!

IMG_3159

From Papillion, to a quick deli sammy, and then to the DGA (Director’s Guild of America) Theater on W. 57th St. for another screening of episode 201. Much to my surprise, I was interviewed by Paul English for Scotland Now. He was very interested in how an academic subject such as human anatomy could mesh with the Outlander books and TV series (very easily, actually!). Paul is a very skilled interviewer so we enjoyed a lively discussion!

Scotland Now interview

Photo by JoKc

The DGA screening was preceded by entertainment in the form of the 78th Fraser Highlanders Pipe Band from Ontario, Canada (see video below). We were also charmed by singer, Elias Alexander with his very bawdy guitar, and spectacular Highland dancing by Kayleigh Boardman, accompanied by piper, Andrew Forbes.

Day 8 (Sunday, April 10)

Tumbled into bed at midnight and then up for a 4:15 am shuttle to JFK. I was whipped (fortunately, BJR was nowhere to be seen)!

What a Tartan Week! I cannot express how impressed I was with the Outlander staff, producers, writers and stars during this week of marvelous magic. They managed interviews, clamoring fans, and numerous commitments with kindness, grace, and style! Thank you, Starz. Thank you Outlander productions! Thanks to a very generous NYC and it’s people. Thank you, Diana Gabaldon!

Here’s a parting memory of my fabulous 2016 Tartan Affair; don’t know how, but we made it into Sunday’s New York Post!

Messages Image(1367266347)

Photo by NY Post

A deeply grateful,

Outlander Anatomist

Note: If I have failed to give appropriate photo credits or identifications, please notify me and I will make the necessary corrections. Thanks to all!

“Jamie’s Chin – Manly Mentus”

A hearty hello to valued anatomy students! Today’s Anatomy Lesson #26 is the Chin. A few months back several students asked for a lesson on Jamie’s chin so here it is. Serendipitously, this past week I also followed an avid Facebook discussion focused entirely on Jamie’s chin. Being a demure lady (snort!) I canna repeat the ideas that were posted; suffice it to say they were imaginative! Mmmphm. And, as Herself mentions the chin often in her Outlander books, let’s go!

English idioms about body parts are always fun to consider. Interestingly there are not many about the chin and most are concerned with either stamina or aggression: keep your chin up, take it on the chin, lead with the chin, catch it on the chin, wag one’s chin and to quote a particular portly pig (and some rappers) “not by the hair of my chinny chin chin!”

Right off the bat, let’s get the most important chin issue resolved and out of the way: Jamie’s chin is the strongest, handsomest and most manly mentus in filmdom (Starz episode 102, Castle Leoch)! Gah! Not sure I can keep me train of thought, but I’ll try!

ep 102 Jamie chin KLS edited

So verra delighted and deeply (ha ha) grateful that this man was chosen to play the King of Men! Even English nobility shares this opinion. Consider the Duke of Sandringham swiping his fingers across Jamie’s most excellent chin (Starz episode 110, By the Pricking of My Thumbs):

“Alas, my servants are chosen for their beauty, not their belligerence.”

ep 110 Sandringham 01 KLS edited

“You, of course, contain within you a sublime combination of the two!”

ep-110-Sandringham-03-KLS-edited

This smarmy old rascal is spot on: Jamie, you are indeed a sublime blend of beauty and belligerence! Best you look askance at the Duke and his roving fingers; Claire willna like him fondling yer chinny chin chin! Sandringham invokes the lyrics from “You Did It” (My Fair Lady): “Oozing charm from every pore. He oiled his way around the floor.” Grrrreasy!

Now for chin anatomy: More than 200 years ago, the German physician, naturalist, physiologist and anthropologist, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752 – 1840) declared that the chin is a uniquely human feature. Nowadays, most naturalists agree that elephants (Photo A) and perhaps two other mammals have chins but few species other than humans can lay claim to this body part.

elephant KLS edited

Photo A

A few scholarly circles hotly debate, why do we have a chin and what is its purpose? One cool idea posits that the human chin emerged due to speech and mastication (chewing) patterns. Indeed, computer models show that mechanical stress relating to muscle pull could contribute to chin development.

Another proposed reason for the human chin is sexual dimorphism, the different appearance of a body part between the genders. Typically, female chins are smaller and rounder and male chins are bigger and squarer. Such differences, it is argued, contribute to attractiveness and augment mate selection. And, don’t our Claire and Jamie demonstrate chin sexual dimorphism to a T (Starz episode 101, Sassenach)?

ep 101 Jamie & Claire chin KLS edited

Alas, the June 2015 Smithsonian reports that the chin didn’t develop to make us swoon nor to accommodate speech or distribute the stress of chewing. Rather, newest thinking declares the chin is the by-product of a shrinking face: over the eons, the face has decreased in size and tilted inward which in effect pushes chin and jaw outward. As for me, I prefer the sexual rif, thank you very much!

More chin anatomy: the mentus (Latin meaning chin) has several topographical features. First, the chin (Photo B –black arrow) and nose are typically the most forward projecting parts of the face. The chin has a bony base but the fleshy, moveable tip is the chin pad. From the point of the chin a pair of bony horizontal ridges project backward (Photo B – green arrow) each ending as a bony angle (Photo B – purple arrow). Between the lower lip and the chin is a horizontal skin groove, the mentolabial sulcus (Photo B – blue arrow).

Try this: What, there’s work to do already? Yep! Grip and wiggle your chin pad. Next, find your mentolabial sulcus, left and right horizontal bony ridges and bony angles. Very nice and good for you!

Figure0001-lower-jaw-KLS-edited

Photo B

The projecting point of the mandible (Latin meaning jawbone) provides the bony foundation for the chin. The mandible arises during fetal life where it develops as right and left halves joined in the midline by a thin plate of fibrocartilage (Anatomy Lesson #24). The paired mandibular halves persist until the second year of life when the joint ossifies into a vertical bony ridge, the mandibular symphysis (Photo C – drawing of newborn skull).

mandible 02 KLS edited

Photo C

During childhood, the chin persues the adult form as a midline triangular-shaped mental protuberance flanked on each side by a mental tubercle (Photo D). In the midline above the protuberance lies the unpaired bony ridge, the mandibular symphysis or symphysis menti (Photo D – black arrow).

Try this: Once again locate your mentolabial sulcus. Move one fingertip just below the sulcus and wiggle it back and forth. Do you feel a faint ridge? This is your symphysis menti. Move the finger downward to the bony tip. This is your mental protuberance. Now move your fingers to the left and right; do you feel a pair of small bony bumps? These are the mental tubercles. Well done!

Figure0002A-lower-jaw-KLS-edited

Photo D

Let’s consider more about the mandible (Anatomy Lesson #11 and Anatomy Lesson #13), the parent bone of the mentus. The mandible (unpaired after two years of age) is the strongest, largest and lowest bone of the skull and is its only moveable bone. It has a U- or V- shaped body (Photo E) expressed as the lower bony ridges mentioned above. The body ends posteriorly as the bony angles of the mandible (Photo E – only left side labelled). Jutting upward and backward from each mandibular angle is a strong bar of bone, the ramus. In the midline are bony features of the chin as described above. Lastly, the mandible has an upper alveolar part (Photo E) that serves as a receptacle for 16 adult teeth which in the best case scenario includes: four front incisors, two canines (BJR’s dog teeth – black arrows), four premolars and six molars.

Try this: Palpate the body and angles of your mandible. Look in a mirror, open your mouth and find incisors, canines, premolars and molars (if present). If your mouth is too dark to clearly see the teeth, shine a flashlight into the mirror; the light reflects back into your mouth and nicely illuminates that inner sanctum!

Figure0013A-mandible-KLS-edited

Photo E

Each mandibular ramus ends in two bony projections: a condylar process the head of which articulates with a socket in the temporal bone at the TMJ (temporomandibular joint) and the sharp coronoid process (Photo F) onto which attaches a muscle of mastication (see below). On the inner surface, each ramus has an opening, the mandibular foramen, for passage of a nerve. On the outside of the chin are left and right mental foramina (pl.) which also transmit nerves.

 

Figure0013A coronoid process KLS edited

Photo F

Warning: The next image (Photo G) shows a deep dissection of the head and neck. Please skip if you find such images challenging. Three important nerves on each side of the face are pertinent to our discussion. The paired mandibular nerves (branches of Cranial Nerve V) exit the skull deep to each cheek bone (zygomatic arch – Anatomy Lesson #9). Each mandibular nerve produces left and right inferior alveolar nerves or IANs that enter the mandible via the mandibular foramina (shown in Photo F) to supply sensation to the lower teeth. Ouch! Yes, IANs are the culprits that transmit tooth pain! Along the way, each IAN gives off a mental nerve which exits via its respective mental foramen and provides sensation to lower lips, gums and chin. Bet Jenny didna ken that a nerve was named after her kindly brown-haired laddie!

Try this: Straddle your mentus with thumb and forefinger. Place them about the same vertical level as your canine teeth. Press down gently until you feel slight hollows and a tingle. These are your mental nerves exiting the mental foramina.

Figure0067A inferior alveolar nerve KLS edited

Photo G

A discussion of the chin is incomplete without considering associated muscles. A whopping 28 muscles attach to the mandible – yes, that’s 14 muscles per side! I won’t name them all. Muscles that attach to the mandible (see below) act on seven different head and neck regions. Suffice it to say that each side of the mandible has four muscles for chewing, one moves the cheek, three move the lower lip, one wrinkles neck skin, three move the tongue and two help us swallow. As if this weren’t enough, several of these muscles aid in speech by moving lips, tongue and hyoid bone (Anatomy Lesson #12). Whew! The mandible (and its chin) truly is a workhorse for head and neck muscles.

Three of the 14 muscle pairs mentioned above are easily demonstrated. Each mentalis muscle arises from the mental protuberance and inserts into the lower lip (Photo H). As they contract, the lip elevates and protrudes as in a pout; simultaneously, the skin of the chin wrinkles. They also add bulk to the chin pad. Each masseter muscle arises from the zygomatic arch (Photo H – black arrow) and inserts into body and angle of the mandible; contraction closes the jaw. The temporalis muscles are the third pair of muscles for today. These fan-shaped muscles arise from the sides of the skull and insert onto the coronoid processes (shown in Photo F) of the mandibular rami. Contraction closes and retrudes (pulls backward) the mandible.

Try this: Return to the mirror and wrinkle your chin-skin. Congrats! You just activated your mentalis muscles. Next, place your fingers in the hollow of each temple; close your teeth and retrude (pull back) the mandible. You should feel tension in each temporalis as they contract. Finally place fingertips just anterior to each mandibular angle. Bite down and feel the masseters tense as they close the mandible.

Figure0050A-mandibular-muscles-KLS-edited

Photo H

Are these muscles at work in Outlander? Oh, to be sure! Geillis offers us a wonderful visual as she interrogates Claire before sentencing at the witch’s trial (Starz episode 111, The Devil’s Mark)! Why are you here in Scotland (English lassie has no idea) and when will you stop lying (tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth!)? Here, Geillis opens her mandible using muscles of mastication (lateral pterygoids) that we have yet to learn and are not visible from the skin surface. With the mandible widely opened, the masseter is pulled taut (green arrow) and the temporalis is stretched creating a hollow at the temple (blue arrow). Try it yourself; it works!

ep 111 Geillis-masseter-02-KLS-edited

Next, Geillis closes her mandible using the powerful masseter muscles (black arrow). This wild wily witch needs some answers before she becomes kindling at her own personal bar-b-que!

ep-111-Geillis-masseter-KLS-edited

Mentalis muscles are at work “Down by the Riverside” as Sassynach and Big Red One go at it hammer and tongs! After Claire wounds an astonished Jamie with her sharp 20th century tongue, she feels verra sad (Starz episode 109, The Reckoning). This sassynach is the best chin-skin-wrinkler and lower-lip-pouter in the whole of Scotland! Yep, her mentalis muscles are working hard here!

ep-109-Claire-mentalis-01-KLS-edited

Finally, no chin discussion would be complete without considering chin shape: is a chin smooth, dimpled, creased, clefted or using urban-speak, the awful “butt chin” (who dreamed that one up)? All these chin shapes are considered normal variants but, interestingly, the cleft chin is most common in people of European descent.

Science teachers may use the cleft chin as an example of a dominant genetic trait. But like the earlobe (Anatomy Lesson #24), the broad range of chin types should not be observed if simple dominant-recessive inheritance is at work. Other possible explanations for chin shapes include variable gene penetrance but this is beyond our present discussion.

Humans have long favored chin dimples as a mark of beauty. In Persian literature, the chin dimple is a “well” into which a poor lover falls and becomes trapped! Because a forest of growth covers the chins of most Starz Highlanders (the lads, no the lassies!), assessing their chin dimples is a challenge.

Consider dear Dougal whose chin and mandible are thickly furred. In honor of my good friend Jo Kc and the myriad of other Dougal fans, this image is for us! Here, big bad bro Colum abuses Dougal with names like “half-wit” and “numbskull” (Starz episode 110, By the Pricking of My Thumbs). Please employ your virtual imagination to identify as many chin and mandibular features as possible. Enjoy!

ep 110 Dougal chin KLS edited

Clean-shaven Highlanders are more rare than a wild haggis but here is that cutie, Willie; his is an excellent example of a smooth chin (Starz episode 114, The Search). Nice eyes, laddie!

ep 114 Willie chin KLS edited

Do ye like Claire’s wee but thoroughly charming chin dimple? Her chin enjoys one degree of separation from the smooth type. Here, she implores her husband: “Come back to me James Frasier” (Starz, episode 110, By the Pricking of My Thumbs). Oh, no! That clever, cunning Colum is sending her darling Jamie away!

ep 110 Claire chin KLS edited

Moving two degrees of freedom from a smooth chin, Jamie’s awesome chin crease sends many a heart into cardiac arrest (Starz episode 113, The Watch)! Ye can see it well despite the bit o’ scruff that typically adorns his manly mentus. Herself writes about this in Outlander book:

“Good.” He loosened his grip and turned me to face him. At close range, I could see the bristle of auburn stubble on cheek and chin. I brushed my fingers across it; it was like the plush on an old- fashioned sofa, stiff and soft at the same time.”

Ummm, gulp!

ep 114 Jamie chin KLS edited

Oh, what? You canna see Jamie’s chin crease clearly enough? Okay, here is the only image of a clean-shaven Jamie I can find in the episodes (Starz opening credits). Do ye ken the crease now? Of course ye do. Won’t be sleeping tonight? Oooh, so sorry! Join the bazillions of fans who L-O-V-E Jamie’s chin!

into-Jamie-shaven-chin-KLS-edited

Okay folks let’s finish this lesson with a short pop quiz using matching questions. Here are six numbered structures followed by six lettered photos with arrows indicating the body part. Match the named structure with the body part. Answers appear at the end. Ready. Set. GO!

STRUCTURE:

  1. Mentolabial sulcus
  2. Angle of mandible
  3. Body of mandible
  4. Mentus
  5. Mentalis muscle
  6. Masseter muscle

photo-A

A

photo-B

B

photo-C

C

photo-D

D

photo-E

E

photo-F

F

ANSWERS:

1 = B   (Starz episode 110, By the Pricking of my Thumbs)

2 = C   (Starz episode 108, Both Sides Now)

3 = F   (Starz episode 110, By the Pricking of my Thumbs)

4 = E   (Starz episode 111, The Devil’s Mark)

5 = D   (Starz episode 111, The Devil’s Mark)

6 = A  (Starz episode 109, The Reckoning)

Hope you did well on the matching quiz. Let’s close this anatomy lesson with a big old chinny chin treat!

Ode to Jamie’s Chin

Jamie Fraser has a chin, a manly chin has he.

His tender fuzz will give you a buzz

And maybe two or three!

Dream of petting Jamie’s chin and leave a kiss or two.

It’ll grieve you much, but do not touch

Lest his wife come into view!

Claire Fraser is a lucky lass but a jealous wench is she.

Dinna touch his chin or she’ll slap your skin

into eternity!

 yum

(Starz episode 112, Lallybroch)

A Deeply Grateful,

Outlander Anatomist

Photo creds: Starz, Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy, 4th ed., Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 5th ed., www.en.wikipedia.org (elephant)